Moisture Loss, Fat Gain, Fat Loss, and Yield

Overview

The Production section of the Base Recipe allows you to account for changes that occur during manufacturing, processing, or cooking.

These adjustments help ensure that nutrition calculations reflect the finished product rather than the ingredients before processing.

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The Production section includes:

  • Moisture Loss (%)
  • Fat Gain
  • Fat Loss
  • Total Yield
  • Specific Gravity

Not all production values affect labeling calculations in the same way.

SettingPurposeAffects Nutrition Labeling
Moisture LossAccounts for moisture lost during cooking or processingYes
Fat GainAccounts for fat absorbed during cookingYes
Fat LossAccounts for fat lost during cookingYes
Total YieldAccounts for product lost during processingNo
Specific GravityUsed for volume-to-weight calculationsDepends on use case

Important: This article focuses on the settings that affect nutrition labeling calculations.

Understanding Moisture Loss

Moisture Loss represents water that evaporates during cooking or processing.

Entering moisture loss helps ensure nutrition information accurately reflects the finished product.

Why Moisture Loss Matters

When water leaves a product:

  • Product weight decreases
  • Nutrients remain
  • Nutrients become more concentrated per serving

As a result, some nutrient values may increase on a per-serving basis.

Example

Consider a 100 g bread dough containing 4 g of fat and 40 g of water. During cooking, 80% of the moisture (32 g) is lost through evaporation. The table below shows how moisture loss affects the finished product and nutrition values per serving.
MeasurementBefore CookingAfter Cooking
Product Weight100 g68 g
Fat4 g4 g
Water40 g8 g
Water Lost During Cooking0 g32 g
Serving Size28 g28 g
Fat per Serving1.1 g1.6 g
Water per Serving11 g3 g

Key Takeaway

Because only water was removed during cooking, the nutrients become more concentrated in each serving. Notice that the fat per serving increased from 1.1 g to 1.6 g, while the water per serving decreased from 11 g to 3 g.

Understanding Fat Gain

Fat Gain represents additional fat absorbed during cooking.

This commonly occurs when foods are fried or cooked in oil.

Why Fat Gain Matters

When fat is added:

  • Product weight increases
  • Total fat increases
  • Calories increase
  • Other nutrients become slightly diluted on a per-serving basis

Example

Consider a 100 g product that contains 4 g of fat, 20 g of Vitamin C, and 200 calories. During cooking, the product absorbs an additional 4 g of fat. The table below shows how fat gain affects the finished product and nutrition values per serving.
MeasurementBefore CookingAfter Cooking
Product Weight100 g104 g
Fat4 g8 g
Vitamin C20 g20 g
Calories200236
Fat Added During Cooking0 g4 g
Serving Size28 g28 g
Fat per Serving1.1 g2.1 g
Vitamin C per Serving5.6 g5.3 g
Calories per Serving5663

Key Takeaway

Fat and calorie values increase because additional fat is absorbed during cooking. Other nutrients, such as Vitamin C, become slightly diluted on a per-serving basis because the total product weight increases.

Additional Considerations

Keep the following in mind when estimating Fat Gain:

  • Actual fat absorption varies by product.
  • The type of cooking fat can affect results.
  • Cooking time and temperature can affect results.
  • Formula Management cannot calculate all possible cooking scenarios.

Because of these variables, enter the Fat Gain percentage using your best available estimate.

Tip: Fat gain is usually accompanied by moisture loss. Consider entering both values when appropriate.

When Moisture Loss and Fat Gain Are Similar

If moisture loss and fat gain percentages are entered at similar levels:

  • Most nutrients will show only minor changes.
  • Fat values will be more noticeably affected.
  • Calories will be more noticeably affected.

Understanding Fat Loss

Fat Loss represents fat removed from a product during processing or cooking.

Fat Loss is the opposite of Fat Gain.

Important Notes

  • You can enter both Moisture Loss and Fat Loss.
  • You cannot enter both Fat Gain and Fat Loss.
  • Fat Loss calculations should be considered estimates unless your fat-loss values are well established.

Why Fat Loss Matters

When fat is removed:

  • Total fat decreases.
  • Calories decrease.
  • Other nutrients become more concentrated relative to the product weight.

Example

Consider a 100 g product containing 4 g of fat, 20 g of Vitamin C, and 200 calories. After cooking, the product experiences a 50% fat loss. The table below shows how fat loss affects the finished product and nutrition values per serving.
MeasurementBefore CookingAfter Cooking
Product Weight100 g98 g
Fat4 g2 g
Vitamin C20 g20 g
Calories200182
Serving Size28 g28 g
Fat per Serving1.1 g0.57 g
Vitamin C per Serving5.6 g5.7 g
Calories per Serving5652

Key Takeaway

Fat and calorie values decrease when fat is lost during processing. Other nutrients become slightly more concentrated because the product weight decreases while those nutrients remain in the finished product.

Understanding Total Yield

Total Yield represents the amount of finished product remaining after processing.

For example, if 10% of a batch is lost during production because of breakage, trimming, or waste, the Total Yield is 90%.

Example

The table below shows how Total Yield is calculated when product is lost during processing.
MeasurementValue
Starting Dough100 kg
Product Lost During Production10 kg
Finished Product90 kg
Total Yield90%

Key Takeaway

Total Yield is primarily used for production planning and costing.

Note: Total Yield does not affect serving size calculations or nutrition labeling values.